Which type of mouth part is characterized by a toothed jaw for biting and tearing food?

The type of mouth part characterized by a toothed jaw for biting and tearing food is known as chewing mouthparts. This mouthpart structure is specifically designed for mechanical processing of food, allowing insects to efficiently consume a wide range of solid materials, such as leaves, wood, or other plant parts.

Chewing mouthparts typically consist of strong mandibles that can move side to side, enabling the insect to grasp and manipulate its food effectively. This design is especially advantageous for herbivorous insects that need to break down tough plant material or for carnivorous species that tear apart their prey.

In contrast, sponging mouthparts are adapted for soaking up liquids, siphoning mouthparts are suited for sipping from specific sources like nectar, and piercing-sucking mouthparts are engineered for puncturing tissues and drawing fluids. These designs serve different ecological niches and feeding strategies, but do not involve the biting and tearing action that is the hallmark of chewing mouthparts.